Prevention of social disasters: Discursive-judgmental Method

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Prevention of social disasters: Discursive-judgmental Method
 
Iunatskevich Petr Ivanovich
Academy of Ecosocial Technologies
 
Many people consider modern society as a collection of people who act poorly in relation to each other. For centuries there is a struggle with bestial habits, an easy attitude to written law. Many people perceive laws as papers, and ignore them at the earliest opportunity. Social behavior (actions in relation to oneself and other people) depends on the habit. 
A habit is an established way of behavior to react and treat yourself and others exactly rather than another. A habitual action becomes a need for a person in the future.
The habitual action is accompanied by the appearance of a pleasant emotional state. The habitual action is performed automatically, without forceful and emotional efforts.
The habitual reaction of people to each other creates the basis for the emergence of social institutions. This is an organized system of relations and social norms that combines social values and procedures that satisfy the basic needs of society.
 
A social institution (from the Latin institutum – establishment, institution) is a historically cyclical, stable and enshrined in moral issues (morality, ethics, spiritual tradition) and the law is a system of human habits.
This system includes a specific human response to the following phenomena:
 family;
 education;
 culture
 state;
 law;
 ownership;
 science;
 economics;
 policy;
 military etc.
A social institution is a habitual behavior of people that ensures the achievement of predictability, reliability, regularity of certain relationships of a person in different spheres of his vital functions.
Social institutions give people reason to hope not only that a need will be satisfied, but also that the goal declared by the social institution will be achieved. When a social institution stops working or starts falling apart, then a panic in society starts, the society is falling apart and restructuring into a more primitive type, when a clan (the union of a politician, an official and a criminal) performs the function of a social institution, which dramatically violates the social order.
Social institutions determine the viability of society and the state. The institutional, i.e., well-established, well-oiled and regular aspect of social life is a decisive factor determining the level of well-being of the personality and society.
For the International Academy of Ecosocial Technologies, these institutions are the most important objects of analysis.
 
So what can we see?
 
In many regions of the world, social institutions are losing their stability and regularity, and human behavior in the system of social institutions is described by a simple formula: "doing nothing for a lot of money". Social parasitism has become a habitual, comfortable, desirable form of human behavior.
Printing and improving new laws aimed at improving the functioning of social institutions has become useless. The papers are new, but the habits are still the same – acting poorly to others.
We can see that we need not so much legal work as a new procedure that will technologically change people's habits.
 
What is the request of majority today?
 
To be a beast! A subject focused on satisfying biological and physiological needs (eating, sexual pleasures, exchange of emotions and information without complex content that doesn’t make you think).
Do not get an education, but buying a diploma and grades for training!
Not to be interested in traditional culture, but to take an interest in the eccentricity and vulgarity often pretending to be modern culture.
Parasitic habits that destroy the work of social institutions:
– betray in time! This is the principle of moving up the career ladder;
– negative selection, in which every chief seeks to take a subordinate 
who is even more stupid than the chief himself; personnel with a flexible conscience, without principles and morals are in demand;
– purchasing positions;
– no appointments without dirt;
– trading reputation, selling academic degrees and regalia, celebrating 
the greatness of subjects who nobody knew previously, and will stop to know as soon as the "great" and "genius" are no longer covered in the mass media.
We can see that the main habit is acting poorly to others. The legal regulators are not effective enough here. We need new technologies that will make a person not acting poorly to others.
Social institutions automate human life. But we can see what habits are beginning to destroy these social machines and shape one way of behavior – the parasitic one.
A person can see injustice, difference in well-being, flagrant inequality. A small number of often unidentified persons own up to 90% of the ownership and resources in this or that territory.
Some distinguished pests, known as local politicians, cannot be punished for their apparent harm to the state and local society. They even suffer from impunity, for there is no force that could quickly eliminate them from the power vertical, giving them horizontal directions.
 
Everything is ruled by clans, not by social institutions!
 
Despite the social storm and public discontent the experienced captains appear in the sea of moral perversions that keep the clans in power. These captains know the rules of lawlessness. They are interested in personal security and ownership. They set an example of "bestial" behavior towards each other. The captain's ignorance replaces competence, and makes him a cult, an irremovable leader and pilot, until an accidental golf swing or hockey strike stops the sea route of the unscrupulous and irresponsible commander.
The election transformed by these captains into a ritual of extension of their own power. Their irremovability has made the society tired, but since the society itself is prominent the habit of parasitic, and cannot cleanse itself of the "restless boor" – the "genius leader," then this kind of leaders adapt to rule until their biological death, in the hope that their kids will be able to inherit power and property.
Around the "genius leaders" appear the traders of reputation who begin to declare the irresponsible leader " Divine Right ", " The Savior of the Homeland ", "Father of Nations", "Еру Chief scientist and cultural figure".
Such activist is not interested in social institutions; it is more comfortable to him managing in the so-called manual mode, giving personal orders on all management issues.
There is no habit of defend own rights in society.
This habit should be formed to switch from manual control to institutional one, to restore the work of social institutions.
 
Why did the crisis in the social institution of education begin?
 
Interest in mastering of certain knowledge, accumulated by previous generations, which is one of the most important conditions for the dynamic development of society, the life success of the personality, has been replaced by monetary interest.
Students no longer care about knowledge; they are increasingly concerned about one question – how much money can parents spend on their entertainment.
Knowledge centers have moved from universities to banks.
Education has turned from training into a process of theatrical informing, show events, and paid services. Instead of knowledge, a person acquires a reputation as a graduate of a prestigious educational institution selling its documents dearly.
Children and youth fail to see a connection between personal well-being and education. The habit of learning is replaced by the habit of online presence that performs the function of mass communication and information.
As a social institution, education did not work out right away. Parents, by their example, transferred the knowledge, abilities, and skills necessary for survival to their children. Children often have observed how parents achieve their own and their well-being through concrete actions.
They imitated these actions. Often these actions were connected with harming others. There has been the double morality and discrepancy between the words and the deeds.
Where parents tried to teach their children not harming others, they were not always happy with the result.
Modern education as a social institution has become characterized by the following qualities:
a) superficial and disinterested interaction between participants of this connection, teachers work off the ritual of education, pupils work off the ritual of education and deliver coins, which from them or from their parents are collected by organizers of education;
b) formal regulation and control over this interaction;
c) loss of relevance of transferred knowledge, low qualification of young teachers;
d) relaxed attitude to study and searching for entertainment.
 
Tragedy and Comedy of the Social Institution of Economics
 
Economy is a process of production and exchange of material and non-material goods. However, interest in production and exchange has begun to fall. The desire to get money for idleness or the consumption of honorable labor has become more acute. To be an irresponsible big boss who pretends to be very busy, but actually holds a prestigious position and does nothing. He simulates the work of a manager, a member of continuous meetings and meetings with five meals a day and night adventures in wild places. Mass media tell to a chief how pretty he looks until his resources will be completely stolen.
Economists have turned into quasi-economists – individuals who insert mediators into all economic processes, speculating on the participation of mediators in any process where subsidies are provided.
 
Strengthening the Social Institution of Politics through a new attitude to the concept of elections
 
Policy as a relationship about the distribution of public goods got sick a social disease such as "irremovability". Elections as a public mechanism for access of politicians to power have turned into show processes, which have created a special category of "hostile force " – people who use violence to retain their influence on the distribution of public goods.
It is time to clarify the meaning of the mechanism of "elections". It is not possible to choose, since self-appointed persons do not want to leave their privileged positions voluntarily. They have formed the habit of being irremovable leader, the helmsman. It is difficult to change this habit without direct violence. That's why it is most appropriate switching to other elections – the election of whom to rotate from the power hierarchies.
Today it is more important to choose the one who needs an emergency dismissal from his post, since the harm he has made is significant for society and are felt literally by many people.
It is important to choose whom to throw out of a power with an irremovable self-appointed person. Elections for rotation allow to clear the political mechanism of people of non-traditional moral orientation, who, out of habit, harm others and has lose public confidence.
We will say below about how to do this technologically.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Social Institute of Culture: from uncultured imposition to cultural diversity
 
Culture is a stable and enshrined in certain traditions, norms of law and morality habit of people to choose, store and transmit to others symbols, images of significant actions, ideas and objects that have their own mythology.
Culture is a continuous process of creating and submission of myths to society (culture as mythogenesis), in which people transmit representation about each other, about a person’s place in society, about the reason for being, heroes, Gods, the origin of all things.
The crisis of the social institute of culture is closely connected with the criminalization of this sphere, using of kickbacks in it for various cultural programs and projects. The habit of stealing, unfortunately, has become traditional for accidentally emerging and not accidentally leaving chiefs. It led to the formation of clans in the cultural sphere (politicians + officials + criminals), which began to dramatize cultural organizations and their employees. Traders of cultural reputation also began to actively sell and produced a mass of uncultured and wild people into persons who formally have a public recognition as cultural properties, but who informally even without knowledge or deliberately ignore some annoying uncultured cultural workers with their so-called "creativity".
 
Morality as a historically cyclical, stable system of norms and rules of public relations, enshrined in the public consciousness of people;
 
Law as a historically cyclical, stable system of norms and rules of social relations, enshrined in the laws of the state;
 
The state as a socio-political institution of society, having a monopoly on rationing (legislative power) and regulation (Executive) of social relations, resolution of social conflicts (the judiciary) based on natural economic monopolies (monopoly over money creation, the monopoly on land resources, monopoly on the right to levy taxes, monopoly on alcohol production, etc.);
 
The family as a historically cyclical, stable and enshrined by rule of law and morality system of relations about the biological and social reproduction of people;
 
Education as a historically cyclical, stable and enshrined by rule of law and morality system of relations about the social reproduction of the activities of people and their various associations.
 
Religion as a historically cyclical, stable and enshrined by rule of law and morality system of relations about the belief of people and their various associations in the existence of God and the "other world";
 
Ideology as a historically cyclical, stable and enshrined by rule of law and morality system of the prevailing views of people and their various associations on the surrounding social reality;
 
Science as a historically cyclical, stable and enshrined by rule of law and morality system of relations regarding the conformity of the activities of people and their various associations with the surrounding reality, increasing the opportunities of people to transform it;
 
Health care as a historically cyclical, stable and enshrined by rule of law and morality system of relations regarding the protection of the health of people and their various associations;
 
Environmental management (environmental conservation, resource conservation) as a historically cyclical, stable and enshrined by rule of law and morality system of relations regarding the use of natural materials in the activities of people and their various associations;
 
Finance as a historically cyclical, stable and enshrined by rule of law and morality system of relations regarding the exchange of the results of the activities of people and their various associations.
 
The institutionalization of social connections is achieved by
 
A special type of regulation. Like any social connection, the institution is based , above all, on the social regulation of relationships. In social institutions, regulatory mechanisms become more stringent and binding, thus ensuring regularity, greater clarity, high predictability and reliability of social connections. The binding force of a social institution is organically linked to social control, with sanctions that stimulate desired behavior, and rid of all unwanted.
 
A clear division of labour, rights and duties of participants in institutionalized interaction. Everyone has to play their role, and therefore any other person has reasonable expectations. The breach of the duties leads to the application of sanctions. As a result, the behavior of the personality within a social institution has greater predictability, and the activity of institutions has a regular, self-renewing network.
 
The regularity and self-renewal of most social institutions also provides the depersonalization of requirements to someone who is included in the activities of the institute, replacing the departed one. In order to take a place in institutionalized social connections, certain responsibilities and rights must be assumed. These rights and responsibilities are historically selected and most effective option of behavior for participant of institutionalized social connections. The status and role expectations are raised as the order of this social institution, society. This ensures the relative independence of the functioning of the social institution from random circumstances, its stability and ability to self-renewal. 
 
Performing a certain range of responsibilities. This leads to the division of labor and the professionalization of functions. For these purposes, society can mediate special training for people to fulfill their professional duties. This ensures high efficiency of institutions.
 
To perform its functions, the Institution has institutions within which the activities of this or that institution is organized, managed, and monitored. Each institution must have the necessary means and resources. The Institution of Health has such institutions as hospitals, polyclinics, and has its own administration. The health system needs resources – facilities, medical equipment, qualified doctors, trust from clients, etc.
 
Every social institution has:
 
The patterns of behavior as a distribution of rights, duties and responsibility, as a distribution of status roles, as a set of values and goals. For the institution of the family – this is attachment, loyalty, responsibility, respect; for the institution of the state – obedience, loyalty, subordination, legitimacy; for the Institute of Education – the love of knowledge, attendance;
 
The symbolic cultural lines as a figurative mark of the consolidation of the established web of relationships. For example, for the institution of the family – wedding ring, mating ritual; for the institution of the State – flag, coat of arms, national anthem, seal; for the Institute of Education – school badge, school song, textbooks;
 
The utilitarian cultural lines as objects of artificial habitat created by people to meet their vital needs that provide the normal functioning of institutions. For example, for a for the institution of the family – a house, an apartment, furniture; for the institution of the State – public buildings, community services, forms; for the Institute of Education – classes, libraries, stadiums;
 
The oral low and the written one – as a set of rules, standard of conduct, as well as sanctions for their non-enforcement. For example, for the institution of the family – family prohibitions and assumptions; for the institution of the State – the Constitution, laws; for the Institute of Education – the rules for students;
 
An ideology as a system of dominant views and theories characterizing the activities of people, the institution as a whole. For example, for the institution of the family – this is love, compatibility, individualism; for a state institution – state law, democracy, patriotism; for the Institute of Education – academic freedom, progressive education, equality in studies.
 
These signs of a social institution reflect that it is within the institution that social interaction as in-depth interaction between people about one way or the other subject of communication (education or health, work or science) acquires a regular, self-renewing, high-quality character.
 
Institutionalized social connections can be formal or informal. Thus, the institution of friendship has many features of a social institution. Friendship – one of the elements, characterizing the life of any society, becomes a mandatory, persistent phenomenon of human society. Regulation in friendship is quite complete, clear and sometimes even cruel. Resentment, quarrel, and the termination of friendship ties are peculiar forms of social control in the institution of friendship. But this regulation is not formalized into law, administrative directions. Friendship has resources (trust, sympathy, duration of relationships), but no institutions. It differs from love, from relationships with colleagues at work, from fraternal relations, but there is no clear professional fixing of the status, rights and duties of partners.
 
Formal social institutions have a common feature: interaction between subjects is based on formally regulated terms, laws, regulations, and situations. If social institutions are the "mighty ropes" of the system of social connections, then formal social institutions are the "metal frame" determines the strength of society. 
 
Social institutions perform the following functions in society:
 
Function of consolidation and reproduction of social relations. Each institution has a system of norms and rules of behavior that are enshrined standardize the behavior of its members and making this behavior predictable. Social control provides the order and framework in which the activities of each member of the institution should take place. In this way, the institution provides the stability of the structure of society. The code of the institution of the family implies that members of society are divided into stable small groups – families. Social control provides the stability of each family and limits the possibility of its disintegration. The disintegration of the family is chaos in sexual life and the inability to raise children of high quality.
 
Regulatory function. It consists in regulating relationships between members of society by formulation the patterns of behavior. All human life takes place with the participation of different social institutions. Whatever a person not to do, a social institutions regulates his activities. Therefore, a person with the help of social institutions demonstrates predictability and standard behavior, fulfills role requirements and expectations. Such regulation is necessary for joint activities.
 
Integrative function. This function includes processes of cohesion, interdependence and mutual responsibility of members. This happens under the impact of institutionalized norms, values, rules, a system of roles and sanctions. Integration regularizes the system of interactions. It leads to building resilience and integrity of the elements of the social structure.
 
The broadcasts function. Society cannot develop without the transfer of social experience. Every institution needs the arrival of new people for its normal functioning. This happens by expanding of the social boundaries of the institution and generational change. Therefore, in each institution there is a mechanism of socialization to its values, norms, and roles. The family, raising the child, guides him on the life values which his parents adhere to. The State seeks to instill norms of obedience and loyalty to citizens.
 
Commutative functions. The information, produced by the institute, should extend both within the institute (in order to manage and control of social norms), and in the interaction between the institutes. This function has its own specificity – formal connections. This is the main function of the Institute of mass media. Scientific institutions actively accommodate information. The commutative possibilities of institutions are uneven: some have more of them, while others have less of them. The functions of institutions are expected and necessary. They are formed and declared in codes, are enshrined by the system of roles and statuses. If an institution fails to perform its functions, it will be disorganized and changed. The necessary functions may be assigned to other institutions.
 
 
Iunatskevich Petr Ivanovich
Academy of Ecosocial Technologies